UPC bar codes, or Universal Product Codes, are symbols composed of 59 black and white bars with 12 numbers below. They are used to establish a standard language of product information between a wide range of industries.
Origin
Developed by global supply chain management firm GS1 in 1974, UPC codes were originally created for the food and supermarket industries.
Volume
UPC product codes are now used worldwide to the tune of 5 billion scans per day. The data collected from UPC codes help stores operate more efficiently, and provide real-time marketing data.
What UPC Codes Mean
Both the number and the bar code convey the same information about the product, the bar code for a machine to read, and the numbers for a human eye. Each number contains a product-specific number, a GS1-designated manufacturer identification number and one data check number to ensure accuracy.
Impact on Industry
A Price Water House Cooper research study performed in 1999 stated that food prices would have risen twice as fast since 1974 if not for the implementation of UPC bar codes.
GS1 DataBar
To be introduced in early 2010, the GS1 DataBar is capable of holding more information on a single bar, like expiration dates and coupon codes.
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